All the artistic expressions we know have had a fundamental contribution from the evolution of the graphic arts. In fact, there is a constant appreciation for both the “old masters” and the painting of the modern age.

It is often a difficult task to know and recognize artists who may have had anonymous production, have undergone contamination, have travelled, collaborated or been helped by other artists; their works may have undergone falsification, restoration, rework and perhaps have become subjects for study through the making of copies. The historiography of the arts has developed the concept of authenticity starting from the century. XIX through the verification of the materials and the artist’s handwriting, learning to identify any restorations and to consider the signature as a pictorial element and not as a graphic sign.

Thanks to the collaboration of talented art historians and with the support of the most modern diagnostic technologies, it is now possible to study the work of art not simply by providing an attribution through the study of the appearance but also by verifying the compatibility of the work with its support, with the preparation ground, with the pictorial film and with the protective varnish, thus providing certain interpretations that manage to capture those nuances which, as between black and white, are between the true and the false.